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What is acne?

Acne, or acne vulgaris, is a medical skin condition caused when oil glands become clogged with dead skin cells, excess sebum, and other debris. Sebum is a natural oil that keeps the skin healthy, soft, and moisturized. When too much sebum is produced, it can become trapped in oil glands along with dead skin cells and bacteria, resulting in inflammation, redness, and pain. While most people associate acne with adolescence, individuals of any age can experience an acne breakout. Acne can occur anywhere on the body where there are sebaceous glands, although it is most common on the face, chest, and back. Untreated or poorly treated acne can lead to permanent scarring or hyperpigmentation. If you are experiencing any active acne breakouts, consulting with a board-certified dermatologist like Dr. Green as soon as possible is crucial to prevent scarring and achieve clear skin.

What causes acne?

Although anyone can potentially be affected by acne, some factors increase the likelihood of having a breakout. Acne is considered to have a genetic component, usually running in families. Patients can simply be more prone to experiencing acne breakouts as a result of the way their skin naturally produces and secretes sebum. Hormone changes, such as those during puberty, pregnancy, and around one’s menstrual cycle, can also cause breakouts. In particular, androgens, or male sex hormones like testosterone, have been linked to higher rates of acne breakouts as they increase sebum production in the sebaceous glands. Breakouts can also be caused by factors like stress, diets that are rich in sugar and fat, and poor sleeping or hygiene habits.

When you consult with an experienced board-certified dermatologist, such as Dr. Green in NYC, you will thoroughly discuss your family and medical history, your skin care regimen, and other environmental factors that may be contributing to your acne breakout. Dr. Green may collect and send a sample of blood to the laboratory to be evaluated for any hormonal abnormalities that could indicate increased breakout. Determining the underlying cause of your acne with Dr. Green is the best first step in understanding and managing your breakouts.